An agent receives a commission upon the successful conclusion of a sale. A broker earns his pay merely by bringing the buyer and the seller together, even if no sale is eventually made.  The fact that a person invested his own money to put service centers and showrooms does not necessarily prove that he is not an agent of a car manufacturer.

An unexpected and sudden attack under circumstances which render the victim unable and unprepared to defend himself by reason of the suddenness and severity of the attack constitutes alevosia, and the fact that the act was frontal does not preclude the presence of treachery.

All  persons whether natural or juridical, who stand to lose in favor of the government under a judgment in such actions for recovery of so-called illegally acquired wealth should be impleaded as defendants to afford them an opportunity to be heard and to defend themselves in the action.

Factual findings of quasi-judicial agencies, like the labor department, which have acquired expertise in matters entrusted to their jurisdiction are accorded by the Supreme Court not only respect but finality if supported by substantial evidence.

Failure to exhaust administrative remedies is fatal to a party's cause of action and a dismissal based on that ground is tantamount to a dismissal based on lack of cause of action.